Gerry Bull, Space Research Corporation and Armscor of Pretoria, South Africa, c. 1972–80 (5th Version)

Mark Lombardi was an American artist who created large-scale drawings mapping complex financial and political networks through meticulously researched, interconnected lines and notations. Working primarily in graphite and ink, he visualized hidden systems of corruption, fraud, and corporate malfeasance by charting relationships between banks, politicians, and shell companies across decades. His densely layered compositions functioned as both visual investigations and sculptural objects, demanding sustained attention to their architectural complexity. Lombardi's practice anticipated contemporary interest in data visualization and systemic transparency before his death in 2000.