
Mother and Son, at Dusk, Working outside Their Hut, illustration for El Sombrerón
<p>According to Guatemalan Maya-Quiché legend, the <em>Sombrerón</em> is a bogeyman figure with supernatural erotic powers who enchants young women. The Mexican poet Ortiz de Montellano, a member of the vanguard literary group Los Contemporáneos, developed a puppet-theater production based on the tale, which was first performed at the Casa del Estudiante Indígena in Mexico City in 1930 and later published in this 1946 edition, with illustrations by Zalce. Rather than focusing on the cautionary aspects of the legend, the play thematizes humanity’s determined, if futile struggle to control both the natural world and unknown spiritual forces while suggesting the deep connections between these realms. Zalce’s images, in turn, convey the diversity of tone and character evoked by this fantastical production, from the simple rendering of the indigenous peasant protagonists to the elusive, shape-shifting nature of the Sombrerón and the spirit world.</p> <p><em>El Sombrerón</em>, like Zalce’s <a href="https://www.artic.edu/artworks/222729"><em>Yucatán portfolio</em></a>, sold well and helped the Taller de Gráfica Popular repay debts accrued during the war years. Book illustrations such as these by Zalce had yet another life on the market. They were printed on fine or colored papers and sold individually or in portfolios, often to U.S. collectors.</p> <p><strong>Español:</strong><br>Según la leyenda maya-quiché guatemalteca, el Sombrerón es un personaje con poderes eróticos sobrenaturales que encanta a las mujeres jóvenes. El poeta mexicano Ortiz de Montellano, miembro del grupo literario vanguardista Los Contemporáneos, desarrolló una producción teatral de títeres basada en el cuento y la presentó por primera vez en la Casa del Estudiante Indígena de la Ciudad de México en 1930. Posteriormente, se publicó esta edición de 1946 con ilustraciones de Zalce. En lugar de enfocarse en el aspecto admonitorio de la leyenda, la obra aborda la lucha inútil, aunque decidida, de la humanidad por controlar tanto el mundo natural como las fuerzas espirituales desconocidas, al tiempo que esboza las profundas conexiones entre ambos mundos. Las imágenes de Zalce, en cambio, ofrecen la diversidad de tono y carácter que emergen de esta fantástica producción; desde la sencilla representación de los campesinos indígenas protagonistas, hasta la elusiva y cambiante naturaleza del Sombrerón y el mundo de los espíritus.</p> <p><em>El Sombrerón</em>, al igual que el <a href="https://www.artic.edu/artworks/222729"><em> portafolio</em></a> de Zalce sobre Yucatán, tuvo buenas ventas y ayudó a que el Taller de Gráfica Popular pagara las deudas que había contraído durante los años de la guerra. Las ilustraciones para libros, como éstas de Zalce, adquirieron una nueva vida en el mercado. Fueron impresas en papel fino o de colores y vendidas individualmente o en portafolios, a menudo a coleccionistas de Estados Unidos.</p>
Catalogue
- Year
- 1946
- Dimensions
- Image: 8.5 × 6 cm (3 3/8 × 2 3/8 in.); Sheet: 13.6 × 10.6 cm (5 3/8 × 4 3/16 in.)
- Collection
- Art Institute of Chicago
- Artist
- Alfredo Zalce
Artist

Printmaking
Alfredo Zalce was a Mexican painter and printmaker active from the 1930s onward, working in a figurative style grounded in social realism and Mexican political art. His practice encompassed mural painting, easel works, and woodcuts that engaged with themes of labor, indigenous culture, and national identity. Zalce remained committed to accessible, publicly oriented forms throughout a long career spanning the postwar period and beyond.
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More by Alfredo Zalce
Fish Market (Pescadería) from AGPA 73: Pan American Graphic Arts (AGPA 73: Artes gráficas panamericanas)
1973 · Linoleum cut from a portfolio of 11 screenprints (one with embossing), seven etchings (three with aquatint, one with embossing), six lithographs (one with etching), five linoleum cuts (one with embossing), one engraving, and one intaglio with embossing
Posada and his Skeletons
1948 · Woodcut
Woman and Child
1947 · Etching on paper
Hammock
1947 · Etching on cream wove paper
Prologue Page, from Estampas de Yucatán
1946 · Lithograph in black on cream wove paper
Folio cover, from Estampas de Yucatán
1946 · Photo relief with letterpress in black and red on magenta cloth portfolio cover
Record
Verified by WattsOS- Artist
- Alfredo Zalce
- Year
- 1946
- Dimensions
- Image: 8.5 × 6 cm (3 3/8 × 2 3/8 in.); Sheet: 13.6 × 10.6 cm (5 3/8 × 4 3/16 in.)
- Watts ID
- WW-1946-119169
Source
- Collection
- Art Institute of Chicago
- Source
- aic
- Reference
- View at source
- Status
- verified





