Head of a bearded man wearing a checkered cap

José Guadalupe Posada was a Mexican printmaker and illustrator whose satirical engravings and lithographs became the visual language of Mexican popular culture in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. Working primarily in zinc etching and relief printing, he produced thousands of broadsheets, handbills, and book illustrations that merged political commentary with skeletal imagery, most memorably the calaveras that would later define Día de Muertos visual tradition. His prolific output served the Mexican working class and political movements, circulating images of social critique and vernacular wit through affordable prints distributed in markets and streets. Posada's formal inventiveness with line, pattern, and grotesque figuration established visual conventions that would influence Mexican modernism and printmaking internationally.

Aguascalientes, Mexico